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Wheels and tires
Data for checks and adjustments (nominal value) Toe, mm: front
Rear | -2 ... + 2 (the maximum allowable difference between the wheels - 1.5 mm) 2 ?� 2 (the maximum allowable difference between the wheels - 2 mm) | Camber, hail: front
Rear | 0 ?� ?� 30 '(the maximum allowable difference between the wheels - 0 ?� 30') -1 ?� ?� 30 '(the maximum allowable difference between the wheels - 45') | The longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation (vehicles with power steering) standard European countries and Australia |
2 ?� 24 '?� 30' 2 ?� 18 '?� 30' | The longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation (cars without power steering) standard European countries and Australia |
1 ?� 54 '?� 30' 1 ?� 40 '?� 30' | The maximum allowable difference between the wheels | 0 ?� 30 ' | The transverse angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the front wheels | 13 ?� ?� 30 ' | The distance between the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the front wheels with the plane of the road and the center contact the tire, mm | 2.6 | Disposed front wheels, mm | ?� 3 (forward 1 mm) |
Wheels and tires Wheels Type of drive | Steel, stamped | The size of disk | 4,5Jx13; 5,0Jx14 | The size of tires | 155/80 R13, 175/65 R14, 185/55 R15 | Tire pressure, kgf / cm2 | 2.1 | Spare (dokatnoe) wheel: disk size tire size tire pressure, kgf / cm2 | 4,0Th14 T105 / 70 D14 4.2 |
Check and adjust wheel alignment To check the alignment of the front and rear wheels (the angle of the longitudinal axis of rotation, camber, toe angle and rotation of the wheels) with a computer stand, place the vehicle on level ground, set the front wheels straight. Before checking, ensure the normal operation of the front suspension and steering; check that the steered wheels are in position for movement straight; make sure the tire pressure is correct. Check and adjustment of corners front axle Check and adjust front toe
| Fig. 4.52. Measurement of a convergence of forward wheels
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The convergence of the front wheels (dimensions A and B and the angle a + b) (Fig. 4.52) is controlled by rotating the track rod. The angle of convergence of the left front wheel can be reduced by rotating the tie rod towards the front of the car. The convergence of both front wheels is adjusted by turning the two steering rods of equal value. The convergence of the front wheels (BA) must be (0 ?� 2) mm. Tightening torque fastening tie rod 50-55 Nm.
NOTES When adjusting the convergence of the two tie rods rotate by the same amount (Fig. 4.53). Before adjusting the front toe loosen the outer collars of fastening of protective covers of the steering mechanism to prevent them from twisting. After adjustment, tighten the locknut tips of steering drafts and external clamps covers of the steering mechanism. Adjust the toe of each wheel within ?� 1,5 mm. |
Slay Camber angle is set at the factory by mounting the knuckle at a predetermined angle, and the operation is not subject to adjustment. Camber angle 0 ?� ?� 30 '.
Longitudinal axis tilt angle of the front wheels The longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation (Table. 4.1) is installed at the factory and can not be adjusted. In the event of a fault, replace the angle deformed or damaged suspension components.
Table 4.1 Longitudinal axis tilt angle of the front wheels The reference value of the longitudinal angle | Vehicles with power steering | Cars with steering without the amplifier | For European countries and Australia | 2 ?� 18 '?� 30' | 1 ?� 40 '?� 30' | For the rest of the world | 2 ?� 24 '?� 30' | 1 ?� 54 '?� 30' |
NOTE Before checking the alignment of the front wheels, replace worn or damaged parts front suspension. Check wheel alignment is performed using computer equipment to check the alignment of the front and rear wheels. Camber and the longitudinal axis of the rotation angle of the front wheels is set at the factory and during operation, they are not subject to regulation. In the event angles camber and angle of the axis of rotation of the norm in replace bent or damaged suspension components. The difference between the angle and the camber angle of the longitudinal axis of rotation between the left and right wheels must be within 0 ?� ?� 30 '. |
Check and adjustment of corners of installation of back wheels The convergence of the rear wheels is set at the factory and during operation can not be adjusted. Reference values: - A convergence of the rear wheels (2 ?� 2) mm (allowable difference between the left and right wheels is not more than 2 mm); - Rear wheel camber -1 ?� ?� 30 '(permissible difference between left and right wheels is not more than 45').
Check tire wear Check the tire tread depth. The minimum allowable tread depth of 1.6 mm. When the depth of the tread, which is less than the limit, replace the tire.
NOTE When the tread is worn in excess of the limit value (1.6 mm), and stand-vyatsya visible wear indicators. |
Checking and adjusting the wheel runout Check runout Raise the vehicle and place it on the stand.
| Fig. 4.54. Check runout using a dial indicator
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Check the runout of the wheels using a dial indicator (Fig. 4.54). If you exceed the following values beats replace the wheel. Maximum permissible palpation of wheels: wheels with steel stamped disks: - Concentricity of 0.6 mm (the average value for the left and right wheels); - Runout of 1.0 mm; alloy wheels: - Radial runout of 0.3 mm; - Runout of 0.3 mm. Tightening torque of wheel nuts with stamped steel and alloy wheels is 90-110 Nm.
A WARNING If you use the wrench, check the torque with a torque wrench. |
| Fig. 4.55. Tightening wheel nuts
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Shift of wheels
| Fig. 4.56. The scheme of shift of wheels
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Checking the slip and the "whipping" of the car. If the vehicle leads in one direction, move the wheel, as specified below. Swap the front wheel and check the stability of the vehicle by performing a test drive. If the car again leads in the same direction as the front wheels, replace with new ones. If the car leads in the other direction, swap the front and rear wheels on each side and then take a test ride. If the vehicle still leads in the same direction again, swap the front wheels and do a test drive.
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