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Cooling
Only 1/4 of the energy derived from the combustion of fuel is to perform useful work. The rest of the energy is converted into heat energy lost in the exhaust gases and cooling system is given. The coolant is circulated by a pump, which, like other additional units, driven by a belt drive from the crankshaft. To control the thermal conditions of the cooling system is the thermostat, positioned in a special housing. Depending on the required degree of cooling of the thermostat controls the circulation of liquid through the radiator. There are three phases of the thermostat: warm (coolant does not flow into the radiator), the operating mode (variable fluid circulation through the radiator) and a maximum cooling (all the liquid passes through the radiator).
| Fig. 134. Viskomufta cooling fan (cross-sectional): 1 - the case; 2 - a cover; 3 - contact pin; 4 - bush bearing; 5 - bimetallic element; 6 - Valve; 7 - a sealing ring; 8 - ball bearing; 9 - ROM drive; A - Pre-camera; B - working chamber
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For more efficient cooling of the fluid passing through the radiator, followed by a fan. It complements the cooling effect of the oncoming airflow when driving, banishing it through the radiator. The fan is driven through a viscous coupling located at the center of the impeller and controlled depending on the temperature of the bimetallic spring. Special filler in silicone viscous coupling drives the fan when cooling is needed. When the engine is cold viscous coupling drive mechanism is open and the fan rotates at low speed. By increasing the operating temperature to 85-90 ?� C viscous coupling mechanism is triggered and the speed of the fan and the motor are equal. In Fig. 134 shows the internal structure of the mechanism. Low coolant level
| Fig. 121. The control lamp of pressure of oil
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| Fig. 135. Location of the expansion tank of the cooling system
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If during acceleration or cornering warning lamp in the instrument cluster (to the right of the oil pressure, as shown in Fig. 121), the amount of coolant in the system is not enough. In this case, stop the car and add coolant through the filler opening expansion tank. In Fig. 135 shows an expansion tank, which is often made opaque. Therefore, to check the fluid level need to unscrew the plug (hot engine to cool down, the coolant temperature must be above 50 ?� C) and pour the liquid. If you need to top up more than 0.75 liters, it is necessary to check the connections of the system. With high probability we can assume that it has a coolant leak. The tank is a level sensor of a cooling fluid. If the level is below the mark MIN, the sensor contacts are closed and the warning lamp in the instrument cluster. Through conduit extending below the surge tank, coolant enters the system or, alternatively, back into the tank depending on the volume filled with coolant. The top tube is used for ventilation. The cooling system is vented through the ball valve on their own in an incubator. Reservoir tank cover regulates the pressure in the system. The cooling system is filled with antifreeze, the amount of which depends on the type of engine and the vehicle air conditioning. The coolant pump is mounted with four bolts through the O-ring on the cylinder block. The pump is not repaired.
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