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Turbocharger
| Fig. 15.46. Driving turbo 1 - pressure sensor; 2 - nozzle; 3 - actuator; 4 - the bypass valve; 5 - the turbine wheel; 6 - the turbocharger; 7 - from the air flow meter; 8 - the ignition switch; 9 - a control lamp of the turbocharger; 10 - warning buzzer; 11 - a control unit
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| Fig. 15.47. Scheme of the turbocharger bypass valve: a - the valve is closed; b - the valve is open; 1 - flow of exhaust gases; 2 - the bypass valve; 3 - the turbine wheel; 4 - wheel turbocharger
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The system is designed to force the turbo engine by increasing the pressure of fuel-air mixture entering the combustion chamber via a turbocharger driven by exhaust flow (Fig. 15.46). Turbocharging improves the filling of the cylinder air-fuel mixture. The air pressure in the intake manifold is controlled wastegate turbocharger combined with an actuator (valve actuated by a spring-loaded rod which is moved by the pressure on the intake manifold). The valve directs some of the exhaust gases past the turbine blades, thus controlling the amount of combustion air (Fig. 15.47). On models with turbocharged later releases set intercooler for cooling inlet air to the turbocharger (Fig. 15.47).
Check turbocharger The design of the turbocharger is relatively simple, but this precision unit can easily be damaged if supply is disrupted oil or coolant or due to loosening or mechanical damage to the pipelines. Diagnosing and assembly service carried out by certain techniques with the help of special equipment, so troubleshooting should contact the service center or the center of a specialized workshop. However, in the garage, you can check the conditions of integrity and the connections, as well as the tightness of the system to remove and install the turbocharger, thereby saving on the cost of the work on its replacement. For each turbocharger nature of the property, the noise emitted during operation, so that the change characteristic of the aggregate noise can be a sign of a malfunction. A high-pitched whistling sound may indicate a gas leak from the inlet or exhaust manifold. If the turbocharger is making an unusual sound, turn it into a service center or service in a specialized workshop for repair. Periodically check the exhaust manifold as cracks or loose connections is not allowed. Turbine speed reaches 140 000 min -1, so stop the flow of the coolant or contamination of the oil to lubricate the bearings can cause serious damage. Check the tightness of pipelines of lead coolant and oil. A sign of leakage of oil are burnt marks on the casing of the turbocharger.
A WARNING Replace the motor bearings, such as indigenous, connecting rod bearings or camshaft bearings, it is advisable to combine with washing turbocharger with clean engine oil. |
Removing and installing turbocharger Drain the coolant from the engine cooled down. Remove the ignition distributor.
| Fig. 15.48. Elements of turbocharging: 1 - air tube; 2 - upper insulating jacket; 3 - oil line (turbocharger) 4 - Secondary air tube; 5 - an air inlet and an air hose; 6 - a tube recirculation valve; 7 - the gauge of concentration of oxygen; 8 - lower insulating jacket
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Remove the air tube. Remove the lower insulating jacket. Remove the secondary air supply pipe. Remove the turbocharger oil line. Remove the top insulating jacket. Disconnect the pipe from the exhaust manifold EGR valve. Remove the coolant hoses. Remove the exhaust manifold oxygen concentration sensor. Remove the catalytic converter exhaust front pipe. Remove the bolts from the turbocharger to the bracket. Unscrew the exhaust manifold and the turbocharger, remove the assembly from the exhaust manifold and front pipe. Remove the nuts of the exhaust manifold and front pipe to turbocharger. Check radial and axial clearance of the rotor of the turbocharger. If there is an axial or radial play, the turbocharger should be replaced. Before installation, lubricate the bearings of the turbocharger, which enter 25 cm3 of engine oil in the oil hole of the turbocharger. Attach the turbocharger exhaust manifold and front pipe. Replace gasket. Tighten the nut torque. Further installation is carried out in reverse order of removal. Before starting the engine, disconnect the negative ignition coil. To increase the pressure of oil and grease filling system crank for 20 seconds crankshaft starter motor. Attach the wire to the negative terminal of the ignition coil, and start up the engine. To increase the speed of the crankshaft of the engine is possible not earlier than 30 seconds after starting.
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