Steering

Overview

All models are equipped with rack and pinion steering, including the steering wheel, the steering column intermediate shaft, steering, tie rods and steering knuckle (Fig. 11.14).

Technical specifications

Type ..... steering with rack and pinion

Turning radius, m ..... 5.1

Power steering also includes a belt-driven pump to create hydraulic pressure. The steering without power movement of the steering wheel is transmitted via the steering column and the intermediate shaft to the shaft of the steering gear. The teeth on the pinion shaft connected to the rack teeth so that upon rotation of the rake shaft move left or right in the casing of the steering mechanism. Each end of the rack are attached tie rods, which in turn are attached to the steering knuckle onto the front wheels. Thus, the strength of the movement rails right and left - it is just the force that turns the wheels.

To reduce the force applied to the steering wheel to rotate it, set cars on hydraulic power steering. As additional power is used under high pressure hydraulic fluid which is supplied to the working cylinders are located on the steering mechanism. Distribution valve serves for injection in the power cylinder pressurized fluid which corresponds to the angle of the steering wheel. The control valves operate in accordance with the principle of so-called open-center, ie, when the control valve does not operate, the liquid delivered by the pump, is bypassed back to the tank at zero pressure. The hydraulic pressure created by a pump driven by a belt from a crankshaft pulley.

Energy-absorbing steering column in the event of a frontal collision formed to reduce the likelihood of injury by the driver. The steering column also includes the ignition switch to lock the steering shaft, a warning buzzer and switches turning headlights and windscreen wipers. Because of the structure (folding) of the steering column, it is important to use only special screws, nuts and bolts, to be tightened demanded moment.

In addition to a standard steering column, the column can be installed with an adjustable angle of inclination.

Steering wheel

For removal and installation, do the following.

Disconnect the negative battery terminal.

Remove the horn button, decorative plate and disconnect the connector from the switch of a sound signal.

Loosen the nut of the steering wheel and the front wheels set straight.

Mark the position of the steering wheel relative to the steering shaft and clear the steering wheel puller.

Installation is spent to sequences, return to removal, taking into account the following.

Before installing the steering wheel Grease Moly on the sliding contact horn.

When installing the steering wheel combine the labels put before removal.

Steering column

For removal and installation, do the following.

Disconnect the negative battery terminal.

Remove the steering wheel.

Remove the column cover and disconnect the wiring harness connectors.

Remove the fan duct heater.

Remove the combination switch.

Remove the retaining nuts and bolts of the steering column and intermediate shaft pinch bolt.

Disconnect the steering column of the intermediate shaft and carefully remove it from the vehicle.

Since the steering column down, it can be easily damaged after removing from the car. Be careful - do not lean on the column, and do not drop it, because it can weaken the structure columns and degrade its performance.

If the car is involved in an accident, which resulted in the damaged frame or body badly damaged, or damaged steering column, you must pass the final examination for experienced mechanics.

Installation is performed in reverse order of removal.

Tie rod end

For removal and installation, do the following.

Lift the front of the car and secure on stands.

Remove the front wheel.

Remove the cotter pin and unscrew a few turns nut spherical rod end to the knuckle (Fig. 11.15). A stripper squeeze out of the knuckle pin of the spherical rod end. Fully unscrew the self-locking nut and remove the pin of the spherical rod end from the steering knuckle.

Mark the position of the lock nuts on the tie rod thread, in order to subsequently install the tie rod to its original position (Fig. 11.16).

Loosen the lock nut a few turns on the steering rod.

Remove the tie rod end from the steering rod.

Check Case rod end for breaks or leaks lubricant. To replace the cover, hold the tie rod end in a vise and carefully bring down his hammer and flat chisel (Fig. 11.17). Be careful not to damage the sealing surface. Put a new cover little lubricant on the basis of lithium and set the cover on the tie rod end. Fit the cover on the tie rod end with a vise and a mandrel of the appropriate size, or press and special tool 491243785 (Fig. 11.18).

Turn the lock nut, screw it to the previous mark applied to the steering rod. Screw the tie rod on the tie rod into contact with the nut.

Set pin of the spherical rod end to the knuckle. Screw the nut spherical rod end to the knuckle and tighten its demanded moment.

Tighten the lock nut.

Install the front wheel and lower the car to the ground. Tighten the wheel nuts.

Check the front wheels.

Protective Case steering

Protective cover of the steering mechanism protects components from dirt and water. It needs to periodically check for the presence of holes, cracks and other damage and wear. Damaged covers should be replaced immediately to prevent serious damage to the steering mechanism. To do this, follow these steps.

Remove the tie rod end.

Loosen the lock nut on the steering rod.

Remove collars of fastening of a protective cover.

Remove the protective cover from the steering tie rod.

Clean the dirt from the outwardly extending portion of the rail. Lubricate the rail lubricant and add a few drops into the new case.

Install a new cover so that the larger diameter of the cover was over the rail and the gear casing.

Secure cover new collars.

Screw the lock nut and the tie rod end.

Removal and installation of the steering mechanism

Remove the pinch bolt that secures the intermediate shaft to the steering gear rack.

Lift the front of the vehicle securely on supports and remove both front wheels.

Remove the pins, remove the nuts and separate the tie rod from the steering knuckle (Fig. 11.19).

On models equipped with power steering, remove the connector from the switch, disconnect the piping and wrap them in a cloth to collect effluent.

Remove the bolts and remove the steering wheel through the left niche.

If you want to repair the steering mechanism, several possible options for further action. You can buy a new steering gear and install it in the collection, but it is the most expensive option. You can deliver the shot steering repair workshop. Another option - repairs on their own, although it is a difficult operation which requires the use of the press.

Main parts of the steering mechanism shown in Fig. 11.20, 11.21.

Installation is performed in reverse order of removal. If the model is equipped with power steering, after it is installed, add the liquid in a tank and remove air from the system.

All models Finally, check the front axle and, if necessary, adjust them.

Power steering pump

Disconnect the negative battery terminal.

Lift the front of the vehicle securely on supports and remove the right front wheel and the mudguard.

Remove the pulley nut power steering pump (Fig. 11.22).

Remove the generator and the drive belt. On models with air conditioner and remove the air conditioning compressor drive belt.

Remove the pump pulley.

Remove the plugs and close the power steering pipes.

Remove the four mounting bolts of the generator / power steering pump from the engine and remove the pump together with bracket.

Installation is performed in reverse order of removal.

After installation, adjust the belt tension, fill fluid reservoir with fluid and remove air from a hydraulic drive.

Removal of air from a hydraulic drive of the amplifier of a steering

After any operation, under which disconnected the power steering lines, it is necessary to remove air from the system power steering.

Lift the front of the car and secure on stands.

Several times turn the front wheels from lock to lock. Check the fluid level in the power steering reservoir and, if it has gone down, add more liquid. Repeat this operation for as long as the fluid level on the dipstick is no longer reduced.

Start up the engine and let it run in the mode of fast idling. Recheck the fluid level and add it if necessary.

Bleed the system by turning the wheels from side to side without stopping. Be careful not to pump the system with an empty tank.

When air is removed from the system, set the wheels in a straight-ahead position and run the engine for a few minutes before stopping.

Perform a test drive to make sure that the steering system operates in normal mode and when it is run without any noise.

Again, check the fluid level, which when heated to normal operating temperature of the motor should be around the top mark on the dipstick and add more liquid if necessary.