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Charge system - the general information and safety measures

On considered cars used alternator. When installing additional electrical equipment, make sure that there is enough generator power to provide electricity to new consumers.

The generator drive belt carried by the engine crankshaft.

The generator is a three-phase synchronous electric car with electromagnetic excitation. To convert AC to DC generator integrated diode rectifier to terminal 4 (S). Adjust the output voltage by a built-in regulator.

Terminal 4 (S) of the generator is always under voltage supplied through the fuse 10A (?��26). Terminal B supplies e / energy to charge the battery and power the onboard electrical appliances. Charging circuit is protected by fuse-link 100 A generator is grounded by weight.

When you turn on the ignition (key or ignition switch is in the ?�ON?� or ?�START?�) voltage is applied to: fuse ?��2 (10 A) and the terminal ?��28 (K / L Charge) instrument cluster. This grounding is provided via terminal ?��38 instrument cluster and terminal ?��3 (L) of the generator.

When the generator is an electric current flowing through the field winding creates around the poles of the rotor flux. When the rotor is periodically changing its magnetic poles under each tooth of the stator, as a result of passing through the tine magnetic flux is continuously changed in magnitude and voltage. This creates an alternating magnetic flux in the stator winding electromotive force (EMF). The wedge shape of the pole pieces of the rotor is chosen in such a way that allows you to get close to a sinusoidal waveform EMF.

At high rotor speed when the generator output voltage exceeds 13.6 ÷ 14.6 V, the voltage regulator is locked, and the current through the field winding does not pass. When the voltage is reduced, the controller is unlocked again, providing freedom of passing a current through the field winding. The higher the rotor speed, the longer the controller is locked and the correspondingly stronger decreases the output voltage of the generator. The process of locking and unlocking the controller comes with a high frequency, so the fluctuations in output remain virtually invisible and the generator voltage can be considered constant, maintained at 14.4.

The charging system does not require periodic maintenance, but check the condition and replacement of the drive belt of the generator, the battery and its wiring should be carried out on a regular basis in accordance with the schedule of maintenance (see. Sections Checking battery status and care and Checking the accessory drive belt and adjustment of its tension).

When the ignition is in the instrument cluster must briefly light up the K / L Charge (see chap. Controls and operation receptions). If the lamp is not switched off after engine start or comes on during its operation, check the charging system components. Disclaimer activate lights when the ignition indicates it fails, the corresponding electrical damage, or infringement of serviceability of functioning of the generator (including the belt is broken).

Safety precautions when servicing the generator

• Do not disconnect the battery or voltage regulator with the engine running;
• Do not connect to ground terminal of the generator or the cable fixed to it;
• Do not confuse the order of the wiring connections of the voltage regulator;
• Remember that the inclusion is shorted to ground control voltage leads to instant damage it;
• Never remove the generator when the connected battery;
• Do not confuse the polarity of the battery;
• Never use during inspections onboard electric meters or a lamp-voltage probes connected to the home network (110/220);
• When checking the state of the diodes do not apply to them a voltage of 12 V and do not use the Insulation also having high output voltage, - the breakdown of the diodes will result in a short circuit. Remember that when checking the insulation of electrical cables with a megohmmeter is necessary to disconnect all wiring from the generator;
• When charging the battery without removing it from the car, make sure that it has been disconnected from both wires. Do not confuse the polarity of the battery charger;
• Before carrying out any electric welding on the vehicle papers do not forget to disconnect the wiring from the generator and battery;
• Any test of circuits and on-board units produce wiring with the engine off and battery disconnected;
• Remember that any violation of the polarity of the connections associated with the risk of irreversible failure of the rectifier and the voltage regulator of the generator.