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Detection of open circuit
The electrical circuit consists of an electric element, switches, relays, fuses, circuit breakers, cables and connectors, connecting the electric element with battery and "weight". For help in finding sources of electrical system fault management are given at the end of the electrical circuit of the vehicle. Before attempting to determine the source of the fault, carefully examine the appropriate wiring diagram to get an idea about the elements established in this chain. Often the cause of the fault can be identified by examining the functioning of other elements entering into the given chain. If some elements or chains fail simultaneously, the problem is obviously a malfunction of the fuse, the total for such circuits or elements, or contact with a body. Faulty electrical equipment often caused by the simple reasons such as the weakened or rusted sockets, absence of contact with the body, blown fuses, fused burnt through crosspiece or the faulty relay. Be sure to carry out a visual inspection of the condition of all safety locks, wires and sockets in the failed chain before to start check of other elements. Use the diagrams to determine which of the terminal clamps must be checked to detect the source of the fault. The basic tools necessary for detection of a source of malfunction, the tester or the voltmeter (a bulb on 12 and a pair of wires from the probes at the ends can also be used to carry out some checks); ohmmeter; the battery and a set of probes equipped with wires; puncture cap (preferably with a circuit breaker or fuse, which is used for detour of checked wires or elements). For detection of the reason of what unreliable work or from elements (usually because of a bad connection or pollution of contacts, or damaged insulation), can be checked simply by shaking the wires. It is necessary to shake a wire by hand, to ensure that does not give you felt malfunction at wire movement. This basic method can narrow down the possible sources of faults to a minimum. Along with the problems of poor wiring, the electrical system, there are two basic types of faults - open circuit or short circuit. Problems appear as an open circuit as a result of an open circuit of electrical equipment, which interrupts the flow of current. Open circuit element will cause disabling of electrical equipment. The second problem caused by a short circuit section, which leads to leakage current from the other chain, usually directly on the body. The most likely cause of the short circuit - a violation of the wire insulation. Short circuit usually leads to burn out the appropriate fuse.
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