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Important information about tires
On the sidewall of the tire has a number of digital and lettering, with the help of which the manufacturer codes prescribed technical documentation tire performance. Many drivers are primarily interested in the size of the tire. For example, 205/65 R15 means that the tire section width is 205 mm. The second number indicates the ratio of the height and the width of the tire. In this example, it is 65%. The smaller the value, the flatter and wider tires are. The letter ?�R?� means that the tire is a radial. Next the letter expresses the number of tire diameter in inches. Maximum speed Another letter of this series represents the maximum speed for a given tire. A tire having the designation letter ?�S?�, designed for a maximum speed of 180 km / h, the letter "T" - up to 190 km / h. For maximum speed of 210 km / h the tire has a letter ?�H?�. If you drive in the winter on snow tires normal type ?�M + S?�, should be limited speed. The bus with the letter ?�Q?� movement allows a maximum speed of 160 km / h. Production time and standard ECE
| Fig. 7.22. Number ECE easily identified by the large letter E and the accompanying digital code Country of origin: for example, 1 - Germany, 4 - Netherlands
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For information about the date of manufacture of the tire includes a three-digit number ?�DOT?�. Since 1990, this number is put under a small triangle. For example, the number 187 indicates that the tire was made in the 18th week of 1997 new tires manufactured after October 1, 1998, must have a certificate number on the sidewall of the Economic Commission for Europe (Fig. 7.22). This number confirms that the tire is a product certified by the Economic Commission for compliance with the quality standards established by it. When installed on a vehicle manufactured after October 1, 1998 bus without accommodation certificate authorization to operate a vehicle is canceled.
| Fig. 7.23. Wheel options: A - rim width in inches; B - the profile of the rim flange; C - wheel diameter in inches; D - diameter of fixing holes; E - annular projection on the combined bead seat; F - pressing depth, mm
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Technical Dictionary Wheel disks Rim Size according to standards is always specified in inches. For example, code 7 1/2 J x 15 is a disk with deep rim (x) with a width of 7.5 inches and a diameter of 15 inches. The letter J is the shape of the rim flange. Particularly deep rim as follows: to improve the landing tires on the rim base has a round projection (HAMP). It prevents the disruption of the tire when rotating the disk at high speed (Fig. 7.23). |
Winter tires - Snow and ice
| Fig. 7.24. Comparison of stopping distance summer and winter tires on the car without ABS braking with blocking on ice (with a speed of 30 km / h): Winter tires: the braking distance - 57 m summer tires: residual vehicle speed - 12 km / h; the braking distance - 68 m
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Winter tires improve safety when driving on snow and ice cover compared to the summer (Fig. 7.24 and 7.25).
| Fig. 7.25. Comparison of stopping distance summer and winter tires on vehicles with ABS on snow-covered road surface (with a speed of 50 km / h): Winter tires: the braking distance - 35 m summer tires: residual vehicle speed 23 km / h; the braking distance - 43 m
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Winter tires are manufactured from a special rubber composition with a high degree of natural rubber, which at temperatures below +7 ?� C rather behaves on the road surface. The key to reliable transmission of force when driving and braking is also the protector with a minimum height of 4 mm - smaller is not allowed for snow tires. Winter tires should be installed immediately on all four wheels - a combination of summer and winter tires can be dangerous. Installation of winter tires on wheels On the expensive replacement tires in early winter and fall, you can save if you buy a second set of DVDs. After each wheel must be refitted again balanced. When driving on snow is recommended to increase the tire pressure of 0.2 bar. If the maximum permissible speed for the winter tires below the maximum speed of your vehicle, as a reminder of this it is recommended to stick to your line of sight (not on the windscreen) remind about it.
| Fig. 7.26. If you often travel on a deflated tire, and thus a large load, it may cause partial delamination bus
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PRACTICAL ADVICE Proper storage of tires After the season "pereobuvki" shot set of tires must be properly stored. For this best cool, dry and dark place. Gasoline, oil, grease and chemicals should be kept away from the tires - all this destroys the rubber. Perform the following steps: 1. Mark the position and direction of movement of the tires (PP - front right, PL - front left, RFP - rear right, RL - rear left). 2. Remove the tire wash with water and dry thoroughly. Remove any foreign objects from the tread grooves. 3. Tires with rims stack lying, it is best on the old wooden pallet. 4. Tires without rims should be stored in an upright position, from time to time by turning them. |
PRACTICAL ADVICE How to maximize tire life 1. Do not exceed the maximum speed at which your tires are designed. This applies above all to the buses carrying the label ?�M + S?� category Q (160 km / h). Speeding increases tire wear, and in the worst case lead to their rupture (Fig. 7.26). 2. Avoid driving at top speed, if your vehicle is heavily loaded. You can do a simple check by touching the hand rails. If it does not exceed the heating of body temperature - all in order. Hot tires - alarm indicating insufficient pressure or other fault. In this case, the tire should be removed and checked by a specialist. 3. If you often travel at high speed, set on a car tire speed class higher than that required vehicle registration certificate (for example, ?�V?� instead of "H"). 4. When parking, make sure that the tire walls are not rubbing against the curb. On curbs or bumps slowly and always call in at right angles. |
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