Diesel fuel

Diesel fuel is designed specifically for diesel engines. Due to the high flammability of the process of self-ignition occurs in a matter of seconds. The ability to self-ignition of fuel cetane number is characterized by - a relative measure derived in laboratory studies. Cetanes substances with very high flammability index of 100 is assigned, on the contrary, most slabovosplamenyaemomu -methylnaphthalene - Cetane index 0 indicates the content (percentage) of cetane in a certain amount of fuel. For diesel, it should be 45.

Diesel fuel consists mainly of the so-called waxes. These hydrocarbons are well ignited, but at low temperatures begin to crystallize. Individual crystals quickly connected to each other and form a complex compound. With further cold snap is formed crystallized a lot of chains that do not pass through the fuel filter. Manufacturers solve this problem by adding specific additives. Chemical additives prevent the formation of paraffin chains, without giving individual crystals combine with each other. The single crystals are small enough and pass through the filter pores. As a result, the fuel reaches the pump. General recommendations for the respective types of refueling of diesel fuel:

- Refillable diesel fuel according to the season, with a cetane number of at least 45 (in accordance with DIN 51 601);

- To summer diesel fuel additives are not needed. It begins to crystallize at a temperature below -2 ?� C;

- Winter diesel fuel adding additives used at temperatures up to -22 ?� C (DIN-standard -12 ?� C).

Summer diesel in the winter

If the vehicle has not been used for 6 months or more is possible that at temperatures below freezing you need to go to summer diesel fuel. In this case it is necessary to use additives, diluting the fuel sold at the pump or in the automobile. Consult your dealer about the suitable type of additives and carefully read the instructions for its use. When filling the fuel additive should be at room temperature. If the fuel tank has thickened, add the additive does not help. In this case it is necessary to tow the vehicle to a warm box, where the crystallized paraffins dissolved again, and then you can fill additive.

Precautions when handling fuel

Fuel is flammable. Therefore, during repair work, be careful when working with the power supply system of the engine. Particular caution is required when draining fuel. When handling fuel should always observe the following precautions:

- Remove the battery terminals and isolate them;

- Do not pour fuel indoors. To do this, use a special pump. In no case do not do it through a hole the fuel level sensor or sucking mouth through one of the hoses - it is dangerous because of possible poisoning by toxic components of the fuel;

- Hand fire extinguisher must be Class B;

- Do not empty the fuel over a pit. Fuel vapors are heavier than air and will long be eroding out of the pit. Dangerous consequences in this case - the harm to health if inhaled, as well as high explosiveness;

- When dealing with fuel to make sure that the room is included electrical appliances, open flames and sparks;

- For fuel, use only specially designed container, tightly closed, protected from the fire and having a stopper with pressure equalization;

- In the empty fuel tank are couples that are also very dangerous. Therefore, any further work should be carried out very carefully.

Fuel drain

There is no fuel tank drain plug. Since forward and reverse fuel pipes are located on the upper side of the tank, drain fuel - not an easy procedure. Drain the fuel is conducted as follows:

- Filled in the tank through the filler neck to insert the hose as far as possible;

- Opening the hose clamp finger tight. Drain capacity must be below the bottom of the tank. To begin the drain hose and slightly pulled forward in the container. If the hose is of sufficient length and well immersed in fuel, it should begin to merge. Suction fuel mouth is dangerous to health.

If the fuel tank is low, this method can be inefficient. In such a case must be used to pump a special pump.