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Check fluid level, leakage control

Regardless of the inspection intervals of the schedule does not allow the fluid flows under the car, such leaks indicate a problem that should be addressed immediately.

Fluids are an integral part of the lubrication system, cooling, washing of glasses and the braking system. Due to the gradual consumption and contamination of fluids during normal operation of the vehicle, they must be replaced periodically. Top up only the relevant requirements of Specifications of the liquid.

When checking the fluid level every car should stand on a flat surface.

Engine oil

Consumption of motor oil can be up to 0.5 liters per 1000 km. Higher oil consumption is a sign of wear of valve stem seals and / or piston ring seals or motor shafts.

Visual inspection of leaks

When greasy engine and the high flow rate of oil, check the following locations for leaks:

• Laying of the sump;
• Seal oil drain plug of the motor;
• Seal D / pressure of motor oil;
• Laying of the oil filter;
• Gaskets front covers of the block and the cylinder head;
• Gasket between the block and the cylinder head;
• Gasket cylinder head cover;
• Seal oil filler cap;
• Seals crankshaft and camshafts.

Since when leaking oil spread over a large surface of the engine, it is difficult to determine the place immediately. To detect leaks, proceed as follows:

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Clean the engine to the generator and then close the fuse box with a plastic bag, spray the engine is usually cold cleaner and through short time wash water. The mating surface and the seal on the outside of the engine sprinkle lime or talc. Check motor oil level and correct it if necessary. In order to heat the oil to test-drive the vehicle, - the viscosity of the heated oil will drop and it will perform in the leaks. Finally, examine the engine, lighting his lamp, locate leaks and repair them.

Checking and adjustment of the level

Checking the motor oil is made using the probe (?��10 on an illustration Components of the engine compartment), installed in the guide tube.

The measurement of motor oil should be made on a cold engine, or no earlier than 10 minutes after turning it off.

If you begin to measure immediately after turning off the engine, part of the oil will remain in the upper part and the results of the measurement will be incorrect.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Remove the dipstick from the guide and wipe it dry with a clean cloth or a blade with a paper towel. Enter the probe back to the end of the guide and remove it again. The height of the oil-wetted portion of the probe will match the level of oil in the engine. This level should be in the grooved region on the dipstick, otherwise the oil level should be adjusted. When leaving the upper edge of the grooved area of the probe oil should be pumped out, because otherwise it may be damaged by the engine oil seals and the catalytic converter. To add oil, remove the filler cap (?��2 in the illustration Components engine compartment). After topping up the oil, wait a few minutes until the level has stabilized, then pull out the dipstick and check the level again. If necessary, make adjustments again. If the filler cap found contamination, wash it with gasoline. Finally, close the oil filler cap. Checking the oil level is the important preventive procedure and should be done as often as possible, and certainly before any long journey. Furthermore, it should pay attention to the condition of the oil, if it has a milky color or it can be composed to observe a drop of water may impair the tightness of the cylinder head gasket or the presence of cracks in the head or the cylinder block, whereby the oil flows into the coolant. In this case, the engine must be repaired immediately. Every time when measuring the oil level before wiping blade probe share it with thumb and forefinger hands. If this will be found adhering to the probe particles of dirt or metal particles, oil should be replaced (see. Section Replacement of impellent oil and the oil filter).

Coolant - check and adjustment of the level and condition

Do not suppose antifreeze hit on your skin or on the painted surfaces of the car. If this should happen, wash immediately with plenty of water and antifreeze. Antifreeze is extremely toxic, so do not leave it unattended in an open container or spilled on the floor: children or animals can get his sweet smell and they can drink it.

Do not remove the filler cap on the expansion tank or radiator cap until complete cooling of the engine!

Considered cars are equipped with a cooling system of compensatory type pressurized. Plastic expansion tank is located in the engine compartment on the left (?��7 in the illustration Components engine compartment) and is connected by a hose to the radiator. As the heating of the engine during its operation expanding coolant (coolant) fills the tank. At cooling of the engine coolant is automatically fed back into the cooling system that maintains a constant level of coolant.

Check the coolant level should be carried out regularly, at least every month and before every long trip.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

The level of coolant in the expansion tank varies depending on the engine temperature: when the engine is cold (temperature of about 20 degrees.) It should be between the ?�MIN?� and ?�MAX?� on the transparent wall of the tank, and as heat engine level should approach the top mark or slightly exceed it. If not, let the engine cool down, then remove the reservoir tank cover and correct the coolant level. To fill the cooling system is required to use specified in the Specifications mixture. If there is a need to fill the cooling system in a way that in the summer can be used pure water, but no other type of antifreeze. Antifreeze required type can be topped up later, but as quickly as possible. If the coolant level decreases rapidly, visually check the cooling system for leaks - are usually found out on white or colors of a rust to a touch in the area surrounding the leak. Check the condition of hoses and reliability of their attachment to the fittings, damaged hoses and clamps replace (see. Also Section Check and replacement of hoses and tubes in the engine compartment, localization of leaks). Cracks are easier to detect if to press a hose. Exceeding these pressures may cause a malfunction of the radiator. Check the cooling system pressure. To do this, remove the radiator cap, and install in its place a device for pressurizing. At a pressure of 1.57 bar shall be no leakage of coolant through the radiator. Check the seal of the reservoir tank cover. If leaks are found, make a check radiator cap. To do this, first pull the vacuum valve cap and release it - it should return to its original position. Make sure there is no contamination and damage the valve seat. Then lubricate the seal coolant radiator cap and attach to the lid device for pressurization. If the opening pressure of the valve does not comply with the Specifications, replace the radiator cap. It should also check the condition of the coolant - it should be relatively clean. If the liquid is brown or rusty color, it should be later, flush the cooling system and fill it with a new mixture (see. Section Replacement of a cooling liquid). Even if the coolant looks fine, its member corrosion inhibitors over time lose their effectiveness, so the coolant should be replaced periodically. To check the coolant frost using a hydrometer.

brake fluid

Brake fluid in contact with eyes and painted surfaces of the car can damage them. Do not use brake fluid, which was open for a long time, or that more than one year. Brake fluid tends to absorb moisture from the air that may impair its properties and lead to a dangerous loss of effectiveness of the braking system. Only use specified in the Specifications type of brake fluid. Mixing different types of liquids are not allowed.

Brake fluid reservoir is located in the left side of the engine compartment, near his bulkhead (?��4 in the illustration Components engine compartment) and is divided into two parts - each for its brake circuit. Transparent wall of the tank allow the outside to observe the fluid level. In order to prevent the low brake fluid level there is a corresponding C / A in the instrument cluster (see chap. Controls and operation receptions). However, it is recommended to regularly check the fluid level.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

The liquid level in the closed lid must be between the ?�MIN?� and ?�MAX?� on the walls of the tank. Make sure that the level does not fall below the ?�MIN?�. If the level is below the permissible, first wipe top of the tank and cover with a clean cloth to prevent dirt from entering the brake system after removing the cover. Add the liquid to the desired level, but do not overfill. While the cap is removed the tank, check the brake fluid reservoir and the presence of contaminants. In the presence of particles of rust, dirt or water, the liquid should be replaced. After adjusting the brake fluid level to the desired value, make sure that the cap is level to avoid leakage of liquid and / or dirt. The fluid level in the master cylinder (GTZ) will fall slightly as a result of wear of the friction brake linings. There is no need to add it as long as the level is near the mark ?�MIN?�, - he will rise after replacement of overlays. Very low level may indicate worn brake pads - check them (see. Section Checking brake and clutch). If the brake fluid is constantly falls, immediately check the entire brake system for leaks. As a rule, the cause is worn wheel cylinder caps. Inspect brake lines, hoses and couplings with calipers, wheel cylinders and GTZ (see. Section Checking brake and clutch). Brake fluid is also used in the clutch, so you should check it out line and slave cylinder for damage and loose connections. When you check the liquid level the tank is empty or nearly empty, the brake system should be checked for leaks and bleed (see. Sections of Check of brake system and clutch, and replacement of brake fluid and bleeding the brake system).

Checking the transmission oil leaks and RKPP

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Remove the oil level plug and check the finger Manual transmission oil level - the level should reach the lower edge of the hole. If necessary, add oil. Do not start the engine when you open the inspection hole. Tighten the oil level plug with demanded effort. Use a new O-ring plugs. Low oil level indicates a leak in the following locations: Between the cylinder block and Manual transmission (Manual transmission input shaft gland); Between the drive shaft and Manual transmission; Oil level plug; Drain plug. Localization of the transmission oil leaks made similarly localize leaks motor oil.

Automatic transmission fluid (ATF)

When working with AT observe high purity, as even minor contamination may lead to malfunction AT.

Correct ATF level is crucial for the health of the AT. As is too low and too high ATF level have a negative impact on the performance of the AT.

ATF level depends on its temperature, for ease of testing which is recommended to use a special diagnostic tool.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Warm up the engine and check for leaks ATF. Park the car on a level surface and set the mode dial to a position AT "P". When running the engine at idle when the ATF temperature of 30 to 50 deg., Check the ATF level on labels on the "cold" side of the probe. Location of the probe level of impellent oil The marks on the dipstick of level ATF If necessary, adjust the level of ATF. Add the liquid is possible through the filler pipe. After adjustment, check the level again ATF. Pass on the car for 5 minutes in urban areas and check the already heated to a temperature of 50 ÷ 80 degrees. ATF - now on the "hot" side of the probe. At the same time the level should be checked and the condition as ATF: if it has a dark reddish brown hue or smell of burning, ATF should be replaced. In the absence of confidence in the condition assessment of ATF compare its color and smell of fresh liquid. If there are particles in ATF for indicating the wear of the AT, also replace the ATF and, with appropriate equipment, oil cooler.

Windshield washer fluid and lens headlamps

Liquid for washing the windshield should be added to the tank (?��11 on an illustration Components of the engine compartment) through the filler neck.

In areas with a temperate climate for washing of glasses you can use ordinary water, but it is recommended to add glass cleaner. The tank should be filled no more than two-thirds of that was space for expansion of water during freezing. In areas with cold climates, use a special antifreeze for washing the windshield, reducing the freezing point of the liquid. Usually it is sold in concentrated or ready-made.

Do not use anti-freeze to the cooling system as an additive to increase the hardiness of washer fluid. Concentrated antifreeze is mixed with water according to the manufacturer's instructions on the packaging.