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General comments on the repair of engines
This section discusses the operation to repair the engine, including parts of the cylinder head and cylinder block. The section includes recommendations on how to organize and prepare the works of repair of the engine, the purchase of spare parts and operating procedures for removing and installing the engine components, as well as methods for checking the technical condition of parts.
Repair work, holding of which is possible without removing the power unit from the car Without removal of the engine from the car, you can perform a variety of maintenance operations. Before any work is desirable to wash the engine compartment and the engine running water. Working with pure engine easier; moreover, it prevents contamination of the internal components of the engine. To expand the workspace and not to damage the paintwork of the body, remove the bonnet and mudguards. If there are traces of oil leakage or coolant, indicating the need to replace the gaskets, all the work is usually carried out without removal of the engine. Can be replaced without removing the oil pan gasket, cylinder head gaskets inlet and outlet manifolds of the front and back covers, seals the crankshaft. Without removal of the engine can also remove these ancillaries like water pump, starter, alternator, distributor, intake and exhaust manifolds, fuel pump and carburetor. Since the cylinder head can be removed without removal of the engine, it is possible to repair the valve mechanism. Hook can perform the replacement or inspection of the toothed timing belt, drive shaft gear camshaft, oil pump, the engine front cover sealing. In extreme cases, when the necessary equipment is not available, without removal of the power unit can replace the piston rings, pistons, connecting rods and connecting rod bearings, othoningovat cylinders. However, to carry out this work without removing the power plant is not recommended, since it requires a thorough cleaning of a number of parts and some preparatory work.
Engine Overhaul It is not always easy to come to a conclusion about the advisability of engine overhaul as necessary based on a number of signs. The big run is not a sufficient indicator of the need for major repairs at the same time, small run does not exclude the need for major repairs. The most important indicator, is likely to become the timeliness of the current (planned) maintenance of the engine. With timely replacement of oil and air filter, the implementation of all other necessary maintenance work, the engine is able to reliably serve for thousands of kilometers. On the contrary, the lack of maintenance can lead to a sharp reduction in engine life. Increased consumption of oil specifies in deterioration of piston rings or valve guides. Make sure that the cause increased oil consumption is not in the leaks, and only after that to do a conclusion about unfitness of piston rings and directing plugs. To determine the scope of future work, measure the engine compression or check the tightness of the combustion chamber, which is recommended to turn to experienced professionals. If the engine is tapped increased noise, knocking, their probable cause can be wear or indigenous rod bearing shells. Remove the regular oil pressure indicator gauge and measure the oil pressure gauge, compare the value obtained with the specified in the manual. If the pressure is low, the cause may be the wear crankshaft bearing or wear of the oil pump. Power loss, "failures" during engine operation, increased noise from the timing, the increase in fuel consumption point to the need for major repairs, especially if all of these factors occur simultaneously. If performance of all adjustments does not improve, then the most appropriate means of eliminating these faults are repaired. Overhaul is to restore parts of the engine to a condition specified in the technical documentation for the new engine. During the overhaul replaced piston rings, cylinder walls chiseled until the next repair size (or honing). After repair of cylinders will also require the installation of new pistons. Rods and radical loose leaves must also be replaced, if necessary, the crankshaft journals should be refinished to restore the necessary gaps with inserts rods and main bearings. Typically, the valve mechanism is not replaced, because his condition at the time of repair is quite satisfactory. During engine overhaul and repair is performed carburetor, distributor, starter and generator. As a result, after the qualitatively conducted repair the engine should possess qualities of almost new unit and smoothly serve long time. Before starting engine overhaul read the description of the relevant repair procedures to estimate approximately the forthcoming volume of work and the requirements for them. Overhaul is simple, but time consuming. Roughly it is required not less than two weeks, especially if for repair and restoration of components (grinding, boring) have to go to a specialized workshop. Check the availability of spare parts and in advance take care of acquisition of necessary special tools and equipment. Almost all the work can be performed using a standard set of tools, but to test and determine the suitability of those or other details need precise measuring instruments. Often the inspection of the parts is carried out in specialized workshops in which also receive recommendations about replacement or restoration parts.
NOTE Handle in specialized workshops and service stations, in order to decide which operations on service and repair will be carried out in the workshops following the complete disassembly of the engine and check all parts, especially the cylinder. |
Since the state of the cylinder - a determining factor for a decision on its further repair or purchase of a new or remanufactured cylinder, then buy spare parts or carry out transactions for machined parts should be only after a thorough check of its technical condition. Make it a rule that the true price of repair is time, then do not have to pay for the installation or repair of worn parts. In conclusion, the assemblage of any units should be carried out very carefully, in a clean room to avoid further refusals of the repaired engine.
Overhaul dvigateya: Alternatives At independent performance of major repairs various options. The decision to replace the cylinder, connecting rod and piston group and a cranked shaft depends on several factors, of which the most important - the state of the cylinder. Other considerations are the cost of repairs, the possibility of obtaining access to equipment Car workshop, spare parts availability, time for work and relevant experience. Below are some of the embodiments of the overhaul. Acquisition of separate spare parts. If the survey indicates that the engine block and most of the details are in a satisfactory condition and can be used further the most expedient from the economic point of view becomes a separate purchase of spare parts. The cylinder block, connecting rod and piston group and a cranked shaft should be carefully examined. Even if found low wear of the cylinder, the cylinders are subject to mandatory honing. Crankshaft complete set. This repair kit includes reground crankshaft and a set of hand-picked by the size of pistons and rods. Pistons are already established on rods. The kit also includes a set of piston rings, main and connecting rod bushings. These kits typically include pistons both standard, and all repair sizes. Block cylinders of an incomplete complete set. Block cylinders of an incomplete complete set consists of a cylinder with a set crank mechanism and piston group. The set includes a new main and connecting rod bearings, the gaps in them are normal. On the set of the existing mounted camshaft, valve train, the cylinder head and ancillaries. Expenses for machining are minimum or are not required absolutely. The cylinder block is a complete set. The cylinder block complete set contains the entire set of the cylinder block is missing, as well as the oil pump, oil pan, cylinder head cover the camshaft bearings, camshaft, valve gear, gear camshaft drive, a gear belt and belt covers. All bearings, seals and gaskets with new ones. On the set of install only the intake and exhaust manifolds, ancillaries. Think carefully about which option is best for you. Before buying check the details on the car service stations, with sellers of spare parts.
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