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Charge system - the general information and safety measures

Overview

In all these models used alternator. When installing additional electrical equipment, make sure that there is enough generator power to provide electricity to new consumers.

The drive generator is V-belt from the crankshaft of the engine (see. Chapter Engine).

The generator is a three-phase synchronous electric car with electromagnetic excitation. To convert AC to DC generator integrated diode rectifier. Voltage regulation is carried out integrated microelectronic regulator.

The design of the generator installed on petrol models

1 - Locking screws 2 - The drive pulley 3 - Front Cover 4 - Rotor	5 - Rear Cover 6 - Stator 7 - Rectifier 8 - brush holder 9 - Bearing

The design of the generator mounted on the diesel models

1 - Front Cover 2 - pulley and the impeller 3 - Rotor 4 - back cover	5 - Stator 6 - brush holder 7 - Rectifier 8 - Vacuum pump

When the generator is an electric current flowing through the field winding creates around the poles of the rotor flux. When the rotor is periodically changing its magnetic poles under each tooth of the stator, as a result of passing through the tine magnetic flux is continuously changed in magnitude and voltage. This creates an alternating magnetic flux in the stator winding electromotive force (EMF). The wedge shape of the pole pieces of the rotor is chosen in such a way as to protect close to sinusoidal waveform EMF.

At high rotor speed when the generator output voltage exceeds 13.6-14.6 V, the voltage regulator is locked and the current through the field winding does not pass. When the voltage is reduced, the controller is unlocked again, providing free power transmission. The higher rotor speed, the longer the controller remains locked and, respectively, more drops the output voltage of the generator. The process of locking and unlocking the controller comes with a high frequency, so the fluctuations in output remain virtually invisible and the generator voltage can be considered constant, is maintained at 13.6-14.6 V.

Charge system does not require periodic maintenance, but check the status / replacing the drive belt of the generator, the battery and its wiring must be done on a regular basis in accordance with the Schedule TO (see chap. Current care and maintenance).

When the ignition is in the instrument cluster must be briefly activated control lamp of a charge (see chap. Controls and operation receptions). If the lamp is not switched off after a short time after the engine is started or activated in the operation of the latter, you need to make an inspection of the components of the system charge. Disclaimer activate lights when the ignition indicates it fails, the corresponding electrical damage, or infringement of serviceability of functioning of the generator (including the belt is broken).

Safety precautions when servicing the generator

• In no case do not disconnect the battery and a voltage regulator with the engine running;
• Do not connect to ground terminal of the generator / cable attached to it;
• Do not confuse the order of the wiring connections of the voltage regulator;
• Remember that the inclusion is shorted to ground control voltage leads to instant damage it;
• Do not remove the generator when the connected battery;
• Do not confuse the polarity of the battery;
• Do not use the checks onboard electric meters voltage / lamp probes connected to the home network (110/220);
• When checking the state of the diodes do not apply to them a voltage of 12 V and do not use a mega-ohm meters, also with high output voltage, - the breakdown of the diodes will result in a short circuit. Remember that when checking the insulation of electrical cables using mega-ohmmeter is necessary to disconnect all wiring from the generator;
• Remember that power must always be supplied to the terminal B of the generator (see. Illustration Wiring the generator and the location of its contact plugs (diesel models) and the connection diagram of the generator and the location of its contact plugs (diesel models));
• Do not start the engine when detached from the terminals S and L / L and R generator ?� (see. illustration Wiring the generator and the location of its contact plugs (diesel models) and the connection diagram of the generator and the location of its contact plugs (diesel models)) wiring;
• When charging the battery without removing it from the car, make sure that it has been disconnected from both wires - do not confuse the polarity of the battery charger;
• Before carrying out any electric welding on the vehicle papers do not forget to disconnect the wiring from the generator and battery;
• Any test circuit board assemblies and wiring produce, with the engine and the battery disconnected;
• Remember that any violation of the polarity of the connections associated with the risk of irreversible failure of the rectifier and the voltage regulator of the generator.