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Detection of open circuit
The usual electric chain consists of an electric element, switches, relays, motors, fuses, circuit breakers, wires and sockets which connect an electric element to the accumulator and a body. For help in finding sources of malfunction of electrical equipment in subsection 14.23 schemes of electrical equipment.
Before you try to define a malfunction source, study the corresponding scheme of an electric equipment for representation reception about the elements established in this chain. The range of possible sources of malfunction can be narrowed if to check up functioning of other elements entering into the given chain. If some elements or chains fail simultaneously the problem, obviously, is to fuse common to these circuits or elements, or contact with a body.
Electric problems are usually caused by the simple reasons, such as the weakened or rusted sockets, absence of contact with the body, blown fuses, fused burnt through crosspiece or the faulty relay. Visually check the condition of all safety locks, wires and sockets in the failed chain before to start check of other elements. Use the diagrams to determine which of the terminal clamps must be checked to detect the source of the fault.
The basic tools necessary for detection of a source of malfunction, the tester or the voltmeter (a bulb on 12 volt and the pair of wires with probes at the ends can also be used to carry out some checks), ohmmeter, the battery and a set of wires with probes, union puncture, it is desirable with the automatic switch or fuse, which is used for detour of checked wires or elements.
For detection of the reason of what unreliable work or from elements (typically because of poor connections, contamination of contacts, or damaged insulation) is possible to inspect stirring of wires. It is necessary to shake a wire by hand to check to see whether the malfunction at wire movement. This method can narrow the range of possible sources of malfunction to any wire.
Along with problems due to poor wiring, two basic types of malfunctions can occur in the electrical system - Open circuit or short circuit.
Problems appear as an open circuit as a result of an open circuit of electrical equipment, which interrupts the flow of current. Open circuit element will cause disabling of electrical equipment.
Problems with short circuit caused by a short circuit part of the circuit, which leads to leakage current from the other chain, usually directly on the body. Short circuit is usually caused by rupture of isolation of wires that allows a wire to concern other wire or any earthed element, such as a body. Short circuit usually leads to burn out the appropriate fuse.
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