Motor oil

The main indicator of the quality of motor oil is its viscosity. It is necessary to refill with an optimal engine oil viscosity, whose value depends on the construction, mode of operation and wear of the engine, the ambient temperature and other factors.

Currently, as a universally recognized classification of automotive motor oils under the standard SAE J300 (Society of Automotive Engineers USA). The viscosity of the oil in the system is expressed in units - viscosity SAE VG. There are the following standard series of viscosity in this system:

SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W (winter series);

SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 (number of years).

Year-round oil combines the properties of oils for both series. They have a combined symbol, for example, SAE 10W-40.

Several multigrade oils: SAE 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W-30, 10W -40, 10W-50, 10W-60, 15W-30, 15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60, 20W-30, 20W-40, 20W-50, 20W-60.

Summer oil has a viscosity sufficient to ensure reliable lubrication at high temperature, but it is too viscous at low temperature, resulting in difficult engine start. Winter low-viscosity oil eases start-ups at low temperatures, but it does not provide lubrication in summer, when the engine oil temperature exceeds 100 ?� C. Therefore, currently the most common multigrade oils whose viscosity depends less on temperature. On

Fig. 1.52 and 1.53 shows the temperature ranges of use of motor oils. For engines of Volkswagen Passat is recommended for all seasons oil 15W-40, 15W-50, 20W-50.

Average oil consumption per 1000 km of running a car is about 1 liter.

The engine oil level is checked in the motor vehicle on a flat surface after 5 minutes after stopping the engine. To do this, remove the pointer 1 (Fig. 1.54), the oil level (dipstick), wipe it with a cloth, fully insert again, and then again remove. The oil level should be between the ?�MIN?� and ?�MAX?� (see. Fig. 1.54). The volume of the engine oil, corresponding to the level difference between the marks "MAX" and "MIN" on the dipstick, approximately 1 liter.

When refilling and replacement is necessary to use oil of the same brand, made on the same basis. If you change the brand of oil must be washed engine lubrication system with a special solution. Oils of the same brand with the same foundation, but with different viscosities can be mixed without restriction.

Engine oil should be changed every 15 000 km for the petrol engine and after 7600 km - diesel. In the case of infrequent use of the vehicle to replace the oil should be at least 1 time per year, together with the oil filter.

To drain the oil, proceed as follows:

- Park the vehicle on a horizontal surface or on the lift;

- Loosen the drain plug by putting it under the oil tank;

- Unscrew the cap;

- Wait until the oil is completely merge;

- Clean the plug with a cloth, set on her new seal;

- Screw and tighten the drain plug.

To replace the oil filter, do the following:

- Set the oil tank under the oil filter;

- Unscrew the oil filter;

- Wait for the oil drain;

- Clean cloth flange installation of the oil filter;

- Grease the new oil filter gasket installed;

- Install a new filter.

Fresh engine oil is filled through the neck 2 (see. Fig. 1.54) on the cylinder head cover.