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Engine lubrication system

The viscosity of engine oil

Viscosity is the degree of flow of motor oil. Fluidity changes depending on the temperature. With increasing temperature it liquefies. This affects the durability and resistance of the lubricating film. When cold it becomes viscous, while its turnover is reduced and increases the internal resistance of friction.

With a cold engine oil should be sufficiently liquid so as not to overload the starter and that it could get into the process of starting the engine quickly as possible to all lubrication points. This requires the use of engine oil with a viscosity that possible changes little with temperature changes.

The fluidity or viscosity of the oil is equivalent to the internal friction of the system and denoted by SAE (Society of Automobile Engineers), as, for example, SAE 30, SAE 10, etc. Large numbers of SAE have thick oil, a small number - liquid. However, the viscosity does not characterize the lubricating properties of the oil.

Universal oil

For Primera engine shall apply universal (all-season) oil. Multigrade oils have the advantage of being adapted to the temperature conditions (summer / winter). Year-round oil made on the basis Monogrades liquid oils (eg, 15 W). Thanks to a so-called oil stabilized thickener in the hot condition, so that in all operating conditions sozranyat its lubricating properties. The letter "W" in the designation SAE is a suitable oil for use in winter conditions.

Oil light stroke

Under the oil is easily understood stroke multigrade oils with the addition of funds, reducing the coefficient of friction, which can provide a reduction in fuel consumption of up to 2 percent. Oils lung stroke have low viscosity (for example, 10 W-30). They are based on the unusual oil (synthetic oil). When purchasing light oil stroke should make sure whether it is permitted for use by NISSAN.

Engine oil 5W-20 is only suitable for very cold climates. Do not use in long high-speed trips. For temperate climates recommended engine oil 10W-40 or 20W-50.

Since the application of neighboring SAE-class intersect, you can not pay attention to short-term fluctuations in temperature.

Specification of engine oil

In principle, only the HD-oil approved for modern engines. HD-alloyed oils are oils, lubricating properties are significantly improved by the addition of various chemical substances aktichnyh. These additives provide better corrosion protection, a better resistance to oxidation phenomena, in particular the reduction in the propensity to form deposits in the crankcase, improved properties of viscosity stabilization, cleaning and dissolving properties. Clearing and dissolving additives not only reduce the formation of deposits in the engine, but at the same time have the ability to dissolve the deposits and other contaminants in the engine finely divide and suspend that allows discharge of contaminants in the oil change.

Quality HD-oil system is determined by the API (API: American Petroleum Institute). European manufacturers also adhere to this system.

The designation consists of two letters. The first letter describes the range of applications: S - Service, designed for gasoline engines, C - Sommercial, designed for diesel engines.

The second letter indicates the grade in alphabetical order.

Higher grades of oil are API-specification CE to diesel engines.

Motor oil, with a clear indication of the manufacturer's application in diesel engines may not be used in gasoline and diesel engines. In this case, the package is indicated double designation (e.g., SF / CD).

For Primera diesel engine oils are suitable - SD.

Oil consumption

In internal combustion engines for oil consumption refers to the amount of consumption of oil, which is consumed as a result of the combustion process. Do not mix oil consumption with oil leakage, which occurs due to the leakage of the oil sump, cylinder head cover, etc.

The normal flow of oil is due to its small quantities of the combustion in the cylinders, because flue gases and particles of friction. Besides oil consumed due to high temperature and high pressure to which it is exposed in the engine.

Next on the consumption of oil affect the operating conditions, driving habits, and manufacturing tolerances. Oil consumption should be a maximum of 1.0 l / 1000 km.