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Injection Device

PRINCIPLE OF DIESEL

In a diesel engine clean air is drawn into the cylinders and there subjected to a very high degree of compression. In this tepmeratura cylinder rises above the ignition temperature of diesel fuel. Diesel fuel is ignited by itself, so a spark plug is not required.

On the cold engine the ignition temperature of the fuel only at the expense of compression can not be achieved. In this case, display is made (predkanal) engine. To this end, each swirl chamber of the engine has a glow plug is heated by the combustion chamber.

Fuel is sucked directly distributor injection pump from the fuel tank. Injection pump generates the necessary high pressure (130 bar), which is distributed in cylinders and in accordance with the desired ignition sequence. At the same time control the injection pump dispenses the fuel supply depending on the gas pedal zadeystvavaniya. At some point diesel fuel is injected through nozzles into a chamber of the cylinder. Depending on the shape of the prechamber or swirl chamber sucked air under compression becomes whirling motion, which contributes to an optimal mixing of air and fuel injected.

Prior to entering the fuel pump passes through the fuel filter. There it is cleaned of dirt and water. It is therefore particularly important to drain the water from the filter and replace it according to the rules of service.

Injection pump requires no maintenance. All moving parts are lubricated by diesel fuel pump. The pump is driven by the crankshaft via a toothed belt, which is provided and camshaft.

Working scheme of self-ignition, the diesel engine can not turn off the ignition and removing the voltage is for this solenoid valve. When you turn off the ignition power is removed from the solenoid valve and it closes the fuel supply passage. This ensures that the fuel supply is interrupted to the steering lock when the ignition key is removed. When starting voltage is applied to the motor via a switch on the ignition solenoid valve, and it opens the fuel supply passage.

The device of preheat

On the cold engine the ignition temperature of the fuel only at the expense of compression can not be achieved, so you need to warm up the engine. For this purpose, in each combustion chamber screwed rod candle prednakalivaniya. Glow plug consists essentially of the housing and are pressed into a heating element. Once the voltage is applied, the spiral filament in a heating rod for a few seconds, heated to a temperature of 850 ?� C, whereby warm-up period before starting rarely lasts longer than 10 seconds. After the extinction of the dashboard warning lamp preheat the engine can be started. The duration of heating is regulated by an electronic control unit located in the cabin next to the glove compartment on the right. Prednakalom engine control unit receives information about the temperature of the engine coolant temperature sensor. Based on this information the control unit determines the duration and magnitude of the current prenakala.

Checking the preheating

If there is difficulty in starting the engine, first check the engine compression. If the compression pressure is too low, the engine will not start at low temperatures. If the compression in order, check the operation of all glow plugs.

Test conditions

The battery is fully charged, the battery voltage must be at least 12V. Engine cold (ambient temperature) or engine temperature below 60 ?� C At higher temperatures, disconnect the plug from the engine coolant temperature sensor.

Check current supply

This test can be performed without removing the spark plugs.

PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Connect a voltmeter between the glow plug and the ground. 2. Insert the key into the ignition and turn Preheat. After 3 seconds. you should see the battery voltage (12V), or check the lock switch contacts. 3. Then switch off the ignition and turn Preheat. The measuring device for 20 seconds. It should show the battery voltage (12V or higher). The time depends on the temperature of the glow plug, battery voltage, coolant temperature, and the position of the switch of ignition / starter between ON and OFF. 4. Disconnect terminal S on the starter to the starter could not operate. 5. For a short time, turn the ignition key to the "start" and stop at "Ignition ON". The voltmeter 20 seconds should show the battery voltage (12V or higher). 6. Connect the terminal S to the starter. 7. Start the engine and leave it idling. Voltmeter for 5 min should show the battery voltage (12V or higher), presumably coolant temperature below 60 ?� C. 8. If there is no supply of electricity, give the control unit of the heating prior to the workshop for checking.

Check relays prednakalom

PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Remove the relay. 2. Check the relay coil with an ohmmeter breakdown (0 ohms). 3. Connect the ohmmeter to the output relay. The connection must be present. 4. Apply battery voltage to the terminals of the coil. The relay must switch and the resistance of the output should be 0 ohms. 5. Otherwise relay replace.

Check glow plugs

PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Check the current-carrying bus to rust, if necessary, clean or replace. 2. Check the spark plug in the external visible damage. 3. Disconnect the plug of the control unit is heated. Connect an ohmmeter between terminal 5 of the plug and ground. It should be 0 ohms, or replace the wire. 4. Remove the cable connection and the conductive bus glow. 5. Check up an ohmmeter resistance between the glow plug and the engine block (mass). It should be 0 ohms. If found open, replace the spark plug. 6. So check out all the candles. A warning The true resistance of the glow plug is very small and it is difficult to measure the usual measuring instruments. Required value: 0,650 ohms. Before measuring the candle should be cleaned of oil. 7. Fault, remove the glow plug and replace. 8. Screw the cable connection and the conductive bus after setting the spring and the backing washer on the spark plug. 9. If disconnected, connect the plug of the engine coolant temperature sensor. A warning If no fault is found, but the engine runs poorly, it should be inspected at the time of spark intensity. To do this, remove the nozzle and inspect the spark plugs holes. Glow plugs with charred tips 10. Burnt terminals candles are basically the result of faulty injectors. 11. If found these candles (hand) is sufficient only to replace them. 12. It is necessary to check the nozzles on injection pressure and tightness (performed in the workshop).

Check the coolant temperature sensor

PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Remove the temperature sensor. 2. Connect an ohmmeter to contacts of the sensor, and then to verify the aerosol cooling or cool or heated in a water bath.

The required

Temperature	Resistance
- 15 ?� C	11.5 kW
0 ?� C	5.6K
10 ?� C	3.7 kilohms
40 ?� C	1.2 kilohms

Check the ignition switch contacts

PERFORMANCE ORDER

1. Remove the lower steering column trim. 2. Disconnect the ignition switch connector. 3. Connect the plug (1) and an ohmmeter to check the resistance (2 - plug to the ignition starter switch). The connection must be absent. 4. Insert the key into the ignition. Resistance should be to 0 ohms, or replace the switch ignition. 5. Install the lower steering column trim.