1. The top dead center (TDC) is the highest point of the stroke in a cylinder. Strictly speaking, a 4-stroke engines in the course of rotation of the crankshaft position, this is achieved by each of pistons twice: once at the end of the compression stroke, and the second - at the end of the exhaust stroke. When setting the valve timing and ignition timing in most cases used the position TDC of the piston (usually the first cylinder).
2. The need for a reduction of the piston (s) to TDC occurs during many procedures, in particular, such as the removal / installation of camshafts and timing components.
3. Make sure that the mission is translated into the neutral position ("P" on AT models), and then strongly cock a lay brake, or prop up the rear wheels of a vehicle wheel chock. Also immobilize the ignition system by disconnecting the wiring connector of the primary circuit coils and removing the last assembly complete with candles (see chap. Adjustment and routine maintenance).
4. Reduction of any of pistons to TDC produced by cranking the engine with one of the following methods. If you look at the engine front (from the drive belt), the normal direction of rotation of the crankshaft will be clockwise. Remember that attempt turning shaft counterclockwise may violate regulations timing belt:
a) The most effective method is the shaft to rotate in the normal direction of the bolt screwed into the front end of the stud using a socket wrench with ratchet drive;
b) Save time allows the use of a remote starter switch (follow manufacturer's instructions). Once the piston will be quite close to the TDC, the starter is stopped and further adjustment is carried out by the method described in paragraph (a);
c) In the presence of an assistant prior to crank the engine can be carried out by short spurts from the driver's seat under the supervision of the operator. The principle is the same as that described in paragraph (b). Final adjustments, again, done by hand, using a socket wrench (see para. A).  | 5. Set compression gauge into the spark plug hole of the first cylinder (see. Part C of this Chapter - Compression should be used with threaded nozzle and start cranking the crankshaft pulley bolt over in the normal direction. |
 | 6. As the piston to the position TDC cylinder pressure starts to increase, which is easily monitored by indications compression tester. Continue to rotate the shaft until then, until a combination of adjusting labels crankshaft pulley. If TDC is accidentally passed, rotate the shaft for two complete revolutions in the normal direction. |
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